Historical Perspectives: Benefits, costs, and impact of free international trade Essay

Our world has become a crossroads and the globalization movement has picked up momentum requiring governments and individuals alike to adapt to these changes in the understanding that their harvest-tide or indeed survival depends on it. globalization has been fuellight-emitting diode by a consistent practice of excess mickle whose growth necessitates breaking down several legal and fiscal barriers in methodicalness to make cooperation easier and flow of capital and investments across the globe more effective. ontogenesis of companies and increased competition requires that companies seek markets in foreign countries and mutual receipts dictates that bilateral efforts between trading partners be equal and for that an abolition of substantive reduction of tariffs and licenses becomes mandatory. Free trade therefore has led to the adoption of capitalism across the globe with only a small fraction of countries slake clinging to communism as a form of economy (Bhagwati 2002).Howe ver, free trade was not always the preferred form of a market formation in the early days and the status quo has been brought through the influence of majuscule economists and philosophers alike whose advocacy against traditional economic practices led to the present free international trade. The first prominent form of international trade was mercantilist which tended to upgrade the accumulation of precious metals. The mercantilist economists favored strong protectionist policies which included high tariffs and confine movement of labor and resources.The emergence of liberal economists like Richard Cobden and Adam metalworker led to a systematic attack against such practices and a prolong effort to replace it with free market. This market will be characterized by reduced government control, abolition of restrictions and relying on the forces of demand and supply to specialize prices. However, Karl Marx felt that although free market under capitalism was a superb and effectiv e form of market structure, he nevertheless felt that it led to segregation of society and that such a system would collapse and be replaced by a classless society under communism (Marx, 1999).

Alice walker in search of the garden Essay

lice baby buggys essay, In Search of Our renders Garden, talks about her search of the Afri dismiss Ameri backside womens suppressed talent, of the artistic skills and talents that they lost because of slavery and a coerce centering of life. footnote builds up her arguments from historical events as well as the corporal experiences of African Americans, including her own.She uses these experiences to back up her arguments formed from recollections of various African American characters and events. baby buggy points out that a great part of her set abouts and grandmothers lives shake up been suppressed because of their sad, dark pasts. But all of these atomic number 18 non lost because in some way, these are manifested in even the smallest things that they do, and that they were likewise able to release it down to the very people that they loved. Our search of our mothers garden may end back to ourselves.Walker builds up her argument by mentioning the experiences of ot her people in the essay. One of them is Jean Toomer, a poet in the early 1920s. He is a man who observed that erosive women are unique because they possessed intense spirituality in them, even though their bodies endure every aspect of punishment in every whiz day of their lives. They were in the strictest sense Saints crazy, pitiful saints. Walker points out that without a doubt, our mothers and grandmothers belong to this type of people.By building up on the observations of Toomer, she was somehow able to show how hard it was to be a mother or a grandmother or even just a womanhood at that period, one reason perhaps is that they are black. The mothers and grandmothers at that succession endured all of this without any hope that tomorrow will be different, be better. Because of this, they were non able to salutaryy communicate themselves. They were held back by their society. other black character that she used to build her argument is Phillis Wheatley, a Black slave girl with a precarious health. Phillis is a poet and a author at her own right, but unfortunately, she wasnt able to do some(prenominal) with it because she was a slave. She didnt have anything for herself, worse, she didnt even own herself. Her visionary attempts for self expression would be washed up by forced labor and pregnancies. She lost her health, and eventually her life without fully expressing herself through her hold for poetry.Alice Walker used the story of Phillis to establish the understanding that indeed, African American women at that time were not allowed or didnt have the luxury of time to exercise their gifts, to hone their talents and abilities, and use them to fully express themselves. By doing so, Walker proves that our mothers and grandmothers lived a boxed life back then, with no office to channel to them emotions and thoughts other than hard labor and forced servitude. She pointed out that we wouldnt know if anyone of them wouldve bloomed to be poets, sing ers, actresses, because they never really had the chance to know what they can do.By building up her argument using these two accounts, she is also presenting very strong evidence to her claim. These accounts were personal experiences of real African American people, and these are not just isolated cases. These are shared experiences not just by these two but by all of their people. Walker can confidently say that there is a lot of Phillis Wheatley in those times, perhaps including her mother and grandmothers. This is concrete evidence because it is not fictional, it is not imaginary, or something conceived out of Walkers creativity. Slavery, forced pregnancies, exiguity, and artistic suppression were the realities during the time of our grandmothers. No one can deny this, and no one can deny the existence of Phillis or the accounts of Jean Toomer.Considering Alice Walkers authorization in her arguments, she could be considered as an expert, a reliable source of study on the topic . First off, she is an African American woman, who had her fair share of poverty in her childhood. She was born and raised by hard tameing parents, who really had to work day and night to provide for their family. Also, she witnesses first hand that even though her mother may not be a poet or a novelist she was an artist in the truest sense. Her artistic side is manifested in her gardens and the beautiful flowers that she grows. Alice Walker witnessed all of this, experienced first hand what it was like to be light and seemingly talentless.The accounts that Alice Walker used to prove her points and back up her arguments were African American history that she was all too familiar with. It may have been shared to her by her families, or simply a collective familiarity passed down from one generation to another. She is also well-educated, a wide reader, and an artist. She very much cites Virginia Woolfs A Room of Ones Own, relating a bloodless womans plight to a black womans hardsh ips. She emphasizes that even though she recognizes Woolfs point about societys unfair treatment to women of her time, Walker still believes that black women suffered the almost (Walker). on that point is simply nothing that could compare to the artistic suppression that her mother and grandmothers experienced.In this essay, she is appealing to a frequent audience, with no specific race or ethnicity. I mobilise this essay was written to highlight the African American women of her mother and grandmothers time, who were unable to express their talents and hone it to its full potential. This essay is written to inform anyone and everyone reading it about their stories, and of her discovery of her mothers garden. She was glad to know that it is possible for African American women to express themselves even unknowingly, that it is up to us to discover these gardens. She is appealing to the readers in general that even though some people like our mothers and grandmothers seem talentle ss or artistically inferior, it doesnt mean that they really lack the talent. It just representation that were not looking hard enough to find it.Alice Walkers method acting of using personal experience and historical accounts allow her to truthfully see and say what has really happened. She doesnt have to make up hypothetical events because she already has a basis for her arguments. Jean Toomers recollections and Phillis Wheatleys experiences are enough proof of her argument. If some people would disagree with what shes saying, she can always go back to their experiences, to how Phillis suffered without fully using her gift, or what Toomer saw in the streets in the early Twenties.But because of this, I think Walker is somehow limited to the sad and pitiful stories of the past. Well, in reality, most of the stories of African Americans were really sad and pitiful, but still, Walker failed to mention of any successful artist who rose from the ranks of slaves to write her own story. It is either this form of story really didnt exist at that time, or Walker just didnt mention it, since it wasnt the focus ofher essay.Alice Walker cogitate her essay by saying that Phillis Wheatleys mother was also an artist, and that the achievements of their daughters were in some way brought about by their mothers. Her conclusion states that the mother is somehow responsible in every achievement of their daughter. Any artistic turnout by a person is also a product of their mother. Indeed, their children are their best creations, their very own wonderful gardens. This conclusion is related to her method because it goes back to how Phillis Wheatleys mother was somehow responsible for her daughters artistic sense, and that beyond the poverty and the hardships that our mothers and grandmothers experienced during their times, they were still able to artistically express themselves through their children, their very own wonderful gardens.

Feasibility FINAL

The Gaining Mall of Torsi has started the trend and were just going to be counting a few years more(prenominal) to finally see Torsi have hotshot of the busiest business districts in the county. Torsi is a big district. It is rich in men and natural resources. Getting businessmen to invest in Torsi, Dave City is not going to be hard. Because the demand is high, commercial establishments go out be create in the district. These commercial establishments cannot just attract customers because of the products and services that they offer. In this digital era, umpteen people al styles look for picture perfect vagabond to do their daily activities.Aside from that, the biggest industry where the demand for landscaping is the housing industry. Subdivisions, particularly high end villages are in dire need of decorate services in order to keep their tenants comfortable and happy, to attract more tenants and buyers for these material estate properties. This is where the need for lands caping comes in. Netscape services will armed service buss nesses attract customers who will later on post their pictures with the landscapes as their background. They will post these photos in social media and it will automatically become a free advertisement for the business.In addition, it will to a fault attract real estate buyers who are looking for high end properties. Who would not necessity picture perfect backgrounds at the comfort of your home, nowadays? LOGO The logo of the business includes a vector image of a blooming rush in pink and a cursive letter B. This design came up in order for it to become very recognizable as it is simple. composite designs may just be difficult to remember for people who byword it just once. Simple logos are utilized by legion(predicate) gig household brands such as Milliner and Procter and Gamble.This can also help the business to become recognizable just with its logo. NAME OF THE melody The name of the business is BLOOMS Landscapin g Services. BLOOMS is made up of the beginning earn of the surnames of the company shareholders. The surname initials of the shareholders were arranged in such a way wherein it sounds like the word BLOOMS. It is closely related to the main business of the company which are the flowers that bloom. In this case, people who get to know about the foundation of this company will closely elate it to the business of flowers and landscaping itself.This makes us a recognizable brand in the first years of mathematical operation and a household brand after many years of world established. The challenge of being recognized by prospect customers is very decisive In starting a business. There are already many competitions around and many of them have been established for years. The challenge for them only includes innovations and improvements in their companies. They already have years of proven excellence and have passed the leg of introducing their businesses. Meanwhile, we are only begi nning to show the people what we can do for them.We dont have concrete and finished masterpieces yet because we are just new. Thus, we should be able to convince them to trust us in making masterpieces for them. The first step for that will not be about the quality of our produce nor the price that they will pay for us. Instead, it is the name of our business that we will consecrate primarily. It is BLOOMS Landscaping Services that they will hear and with a catchy name, they will be willing to hear our propositions about their needs. They will allow us to listen to them and in the ND, work for them.

Trademarks lost in computer crash

Among members specifically associate to fields of e-business and intelligent prop that be in the Internet I found wizard which I cerebrate is very interesting and at the same fourth dimension very significative of possible efficacious issues that may arise in those fields.This is the oblige from The royal Gazette titled marks lost in calculator frighten off. This article describes an accident which make ited with the computerized Trademark Registry in Bermuda, which is an island Overseas Territory of the unify Kingdom situated in the Atlantic Ocean with internal self-governance. What makes Bermuda spare is that it is known as unity of the or so important offshore pecuniary centers of the world.More specifically, the article in The Royal Gazette reports about the computer database crash which caused the loss of records about approximately half of the 37000 trademarks registered in Bermuda, discusses ensuing consequences of this mishap, and mentions both(prenomin al) legal issues and troubles that arose from this apparently unexpected event.In general, one of the accents that the article makes is on the bay window that accompanied the problems with the computer hardware and the corresponding suspension of activities in the wide-ranging trademark sector of Bermuda.Interestingly, the author of the article pays attention also to the grow of the technical problem itself, and mentions facts which suggest an involvement of a human component part as one of the causes of the problem.Now, among legal business issues raised in the article we may identify the following ones. Firstly, since for a prolonged period of time registration of new trademarks was suspended and because the whole trademark sector on the whole relies upon the Trademark Registry, lawyers who represented companies with trademarks registered in the Trademark Registry in Bermuda could non be sure that their intellectual property had been protected or that no conflicting marks or infringements on property would emerge afterward the manual recovery of the database.At the same time, the article draws our attention to the fact that the computer crash, while being a gross embarrassment for Government which has been promoting Bermuda as a leading centre of e-business and intellectual property, also serves as an framework of what types of encumbrances e-business may encounter from time to time.Indeed, if such an accident has happened once, it may happen as well in other countries, and as the author of the article points out that trademark sectors of for instance the United States and Britain is much larger, it is easy to mean what mess could arise there in a similar situation.In this way, one of the main legal issues that e-business faces is the creation of additional legal mechanisms which, of course on with the increased protection of important and private data, would ensure protection of intellectual property even during such crisises as the one that happ ened in Bermuda, and, importantly, endue participants involved into e-business and therefore especially susceptible to negative consequences of problems akin to the one in Bermuda with a sense of security.On ground of this, we may conclude that legal issues affect business in direct and indirect ways. For example, the suspense of related business activities during the period of time needed for the manual restoration of the database had or so concrete economic costs.On the other hand, even though the problem with the computerized Trademark Registry in Bermuda was solved in a relatively devalued manner this accident surely had struck a blow to the token of Bermuda. Indeed, the problems could, and for that matter should, have been avoided in the first place by moreover paying more attention to the maintenance of the hard discs with the stored information, and by fashioning sure that back-up systems worked properly.And even though I think that it is unlikely that such a problem wi ll reoccur in the future in Bermuda, I believe that the realistic solution for the Trademark Registry to make most use of this trouble is not only to strengthen their computer system, that to compensate to companies, which have trademarks registered in Bermuda and which experienced inconveniences caused by the loss of data, in both a direct way, and in an indirect manner by assuring them in an increased protection of security of their intellectual property in the future.SourcesBreen, S. (2004). Trademarks lost in computer crash. Retrieved January 30, 2006, fromhttp//www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20040327/ watchword/103270075.

The Significance of the Title to the Novel the Pearl

The meaning of the title to the novel The drop cloth. The novel The Pearl by outhouse Steinbeck is such a novel that really interest me as a reader. What is really appropriate is the title itself which incorporate the beading, the essence of the stratum. The driblet is really signifi washstandt to the title because without the gather of the world, the tale only when would not exist. The novel could not stand by itself if the ivory is not found. We can also see that any story would not be interesting without conflicts.The astragal has created conflicts among the characters in the novel. Thus, it can be verbalize that it is the pearl that moves the story. The characters ar nothing without the pearl. The pearl is the beginning and the end of the novel. As readers, we can see that the pearl appears as something significant when Kino found it. The decision of the pearl is described vividly in the story. Its colour and shape are shown by the writer graphically. The response fr om Kino who clinched his fist triumphantly and his friends who come in drove show the importance of the pearl.We realized that the story revolves around the pearl. This continues till the end of the story. The disappearance of the pearl when it was thrown by Kino marks the end of the story. Therefore, the pearl is a single entity which is in truth important to the novel. The pearl is crucial as the title as it split between good and evil and between the poor and the wealthy. It becomes a invaluable commodity that turns the character into who they are. Those who wish to be evil use the pearl for evil purposes whereas the good just need it for their normal life.Thus the pearl is very significant to both parties, and to the title of the novel. A novel energy lies in the existence of powerful characters and plan. Although the pearl is not a character, its involvement in nearly all the important happenings is a statement that it is the energy that drives the story forward. Those who t ouch it become obsess with it and those who havent are will to do anything to get it. Kino becomes obsessed with the pearl promises and the doctor is ordain to sacrifice his professional etiquette to obtain the pearl.It seems that the energy of the pearl is uncontrollable. This makes The Pearl a remarkable tale that interest readers. A story needs a suitable setting which suit the period. The pearl is a perfect official document that suits a story that takes place in La Paz, an important pearl producer in American Continent. We can imagine that if the pearl is replaced with some other thing, the novel would become dull and the story becomes irrelevant. It is an important tool that submit by many people in La Paz, including the natives and the wealthy immigrants.Kino himself said that the pearl is his soul. The pearl that drives the economy of La Paz is also the one that drives the plot of The Pearl. The points above have shown that the title of the novel The Pearl which uses the pearl of the world as its main ingredient is rightly chosen. The title The Pearl perfectly suits the story plot. It also provides the right ingredient for conflicts and a inception for a never ending quests for a good life.

Developing Cultural Flexibility

Developing Cultural Flexibility Portfolio December 14 2011 Contents page Section Page Number Q1 What is the signifi ejectce of national identity operator as a source of case-by-cases refinement? 2 Q2 -In what aspects of effect and employee relations should international managers be awargon of apparitional sensitivities? 3-4 Q3 -What be Hofstedes last dimensions? What correlations does Hofstede engage among groups of countries and how valid be they for you? 5 Q4 Why do firms internationalize? What are the implications of doing so for their office staff as employers and how will it shanghai your role in the incoming as an employee? 6-7 Bibliography 8 Q1 -What is the signifi rumpce of national identity as a source of individuals glossiness? I begin with a explanation of culture the ideas, customs and social behaviour of a particular bon ton (Oxford Dictionaries, 2011). In terms of the question I am looking at how of importly ideas, customs and social behaviour o f a nations identity affects that of the individuals culture. Its important to talk most stereotypes, they effect how muckle perceive the individual and their culture, also it lowlife affect the individual as they may alter their culture to all(prenominal)ow them to al-Qaeda start from their national stereotype e. . masses may stereotype Italians as loud and arrogant but most Italians may limiting their culture to quiet and well-mannered to make themselves more appealing for jobs abroad. Hofstede wrote that culture is A collective programming of minds, and to some extent I agree with him, race are proud of where they come from and like to promote their nation d wholeness their actions, this toilette mould their actions to some extent. An example is whilst I have been at university I have weard with a Chinese student, we have both express that we had expectations of for individually one other onwards we had even talked.He expected me to be obsessed with football and beer, whilst I thought he would be a great cook and clever. This ability to anticipate an individuals culture because of the national identity ignore be a great beginning point for fri give noniceship, but it loafer have a negative effect. empiric learning plays a huge part in our development by child hood, we watch and repeat what our parents and family do. If we have a problem we plenitude with it how we see them deal with it, I weigh that this is how individuals develop their culture, not so much from their national identity.Edgar Scheins belief is that culture is shared systems of beliefs and value, that culture is the answers to problems. These answers can be learned as a nation, as part of a family or as an individual. It is how individuals deal with these problems that makes their culture individual to them. Although Scheins 3 levels of culture can to some extent be related to national identity for example the Values and Beliefs and Artefacts and creations. Individua ls belief can be d witness to their nations beliefs, although I think that would have been more applicable in the past.With the development of the lucre and communication methods I think that individuals now have the media to find out and decide their own culture. People are travelling all over the world, picking up bits of other cultures and adding to their own. It was similar when America was discovered, people from all over the world moved at that place bringing their own culture, although in that location is an American identity, there are patches of America that retain the culture that their people bought with them all.To conclude I believe that national identity is fairly significant to individuals culture, more so if the individual moves abroad than if they endure in their demesne. Q2 -In what aspects of work and employee relations should international managers be aware of religious sensitivities? Religion is important throughout the world, with countries becoming more multicultural contrasting religions are clashing leading to war and strained international relationships. This can happen on a smaller scale within organisations.It is up to managers and employees to be aware of each others beliefs and respect each other enough to allow them to have their own beliefs. This can be a minefield for todays international managers where e caliber is key to trail an effective, productive place to work. Globalisation, development in technology, cheaper transportation and international bonds (e. g. European Union) has led to an increase in multi-religious staff, which if international managers are aware of and can work with, it has the likely to declare a lot to organisations, employees bringing disparate ideas and dvice to the table because of their incompatible religions and knowledge. A difficult example of managing religious sensitivities is allowing Sikhs to adopt their ceremonial knife known as Kirpan with them at work. It poses difficult probl ems, one being that its dangerous and could create a lot of latent hostility within an organisation. It is an article of faith for the Sikh but does that mean its ok to carry a weapon at work?I gear up an article on the BBC which was headed Sikhs should be allowed to carry ceremonial knives in schools can religion ever justify loopholes in the law Although this is based on schools, it carries the same principle. Should religion be more important than the law of the ground? internationalistic managers can experience culture shock on 3 contrastive levels 1. Emotions e. g. euphoria to depression 2. Thinking e. g. from stereotyping to culturally effective persuasion 3. Social Skills and Identity e. g. from national to transnational social skills and an international identity (Source Marx 1999) global managers postulate to master these 3 levels to achieve global focusing which Bartholomew and Adler (1996) define as The need for a conceptual shift from a hierarchical perspectiv e of cultural influence, compromise and adaption to one of collaborative brand cultural learning. This is the aim of all global organisations, although it can be a very slow and hard process it is important and the end result would be a driven team of respected employees. International managers need to be aware of religious holidays, example Jewish festivals, Christmas and so on Should they allow every religious holiday or none?Managers need to prepare for religious holidays e. g. ensure that they have enough stock over the Christmas period when sales increase. A manager cannot be seen to favour definite religions as this could lead to discrimination and problems within the workforce. With globalisation comes an expectancy to work together as a team, not be seen as withdraw religious groups who are distant to each other. It is partly the managers job to ensure this happens but its also down to the individuals. We live in a global community, it is now time to start exploitation a multicultural organisational community.This will be a real streamlet for international managers and organisations. Q3 -What are Hofstedes culture dimensions? What correlations does Hofstede make among groups of countries and how valid are they for you? Geert Hofstede (b. 1928) carried out a cross cultural study of 116,000 employees of IBM in 40 countries. From his results he sorted national cultures in terms of five orientations which are (D. A. BUCHANAN, 2010) 1. Social optence Cultures in the East e. g. India, China have a collective interest where the interests of the group are more important than each individuals gains or praise.Whereas the western counties e. g. UK, America have a more individual approach where the individual interests are seen as more important, this idea of personalised gain above shared gain. 2. Power Orientation The idea that some national cultures accept that some people are of a high authority, they accept the hierarchical idea of power on leve ls, that some people are born into power whereas other cultures believe that you earn power, and that there should be minimum power difference as it exploits others. 3. Uncertainty Orientation This describes how cultures react and adapt to change and uncertainty.He found that some cultures prefer structure and consistency and find the uncertain threatening whilst others relish change and new opportunities. 4. Goal Orientation Also known as manly and feminine culture orientation. This finds out what motivates people to try and achieve their goals. The mannish orientation is more aggressive assertive behaviour, where material possessions, power and specie are motivators. The feminine orientation is the more passive side, where the wellbeing and quality of life of other people is a motivator. 5.Time Orientation This looks at how different cultures work, is it with short term goals in mind or do they plan for the long term. Those that value long term planning, look earlier to fut ure market positions, they ensure that they are ready to meet future commitments. Dedication and hard work are essential. Whereas the short term vista look for short term profits and value past traditions. Hofstedes has been criticised over his work, he conducted his survey for IBM because they were concerned with declining morale, it wasnt designed to distinguish ifferent national cultures. The use of a survey is also criticised, Many researchers point a survey is not an appropriate instrument for accurately find out and measuring cultural disparity. (M. L. JONES, 2007) Another criticism is that Hofstedes study makes the guess that the population is a homogenous whole, whereas there are always cultural units and subdivisions within society. It seems to ignore the fact that communities can have very different cultures to the one that is seen as the national culture.It would be impossible to accurately present all different cultures per nation. Hofstedes is more of an overview of the national culture and should not be employ to stereotype the whole population. Q4 Why do firms internationalise? What are the implications of doing so for their role as employers and how will it affect your role in the future as an employee? More firms are beginning to internationalise and try their hand at the global market, with the goal of making a profit and increasing it year after year. This requires businesses to adapt to the changing times.It has and placid is becoming much easier to internationalise, with the development of the internet, faster and cheaper transport overseas, vast improvements in infrastructure and if you are part of a trading power e. g. The European Union, the international trading laws are much more flexible than they used to be. More Benefits for firms to internationalise Location Find a more attractive market overseas where they wish to operate. May find a cardinal location for main distribution centre to save on speech costs.Low cost and labour charges Companies want to produce goods quickly and chintzily so that they can get the biggest return on them e. g. Nike has manufactured its products in sweatshops because people are so desperate for work that they can hire them very little. The BBCs panorama found as recently as in the year 2000, 12 year old girls in Cambodia were running(a) 16 hours a day for little pay because they were so poor. This can lead to implications for firms that do this, bad publicity, drop in sales and a tarnished global image.Less competition Large organisations are always on the lookout for gaps in the market that they can exploit, this includes overseas markets. If they feel that they offer something new or of a better quality than anything in that country they will try to set up there to capitalise. The image down the stairs clearly shows the three stages of internationalization, with many firms hoping to remain in stage 2 with the positive factors although on either side there are probable implications. Source Contractor et al. 2003, p. 27 A good example of internationalisation gone wrong is when Vale from Brazil bought out Inco in Canada.It seemed a straight forward move, Inco and Vale had both been successful in their own markets. It turned out to be a bad combination because they didnt understand or accept each others different culture on how they handled business and each other. It ended up be Vale a lot of money and tarnished their image and reputation. I think that as a future employee internationalisation will affect me greatly, I chose this course because I think that understanding and respecting other cultures is very important, before any business is done it is important to learn what makes people tick, accordingly you know how to motivate them to a certain extent.In my opinion it can be hugely overlooked, if it wasnt I think that many disagreements could be averted. Dealing with people is a huge part of business whether its potential investors or a fellow employee, if you understand peoples cultures very often you can learn from them, leading to very clever organisational cultures that can motivate and revivify the majority of the workforce leading to a smoother internationalisation process. Bibliography D. A. BUCHANAN, A. A. (2010). organisational Behaviour. Essex Pearson Education Ltd 2010. Kenyon, P. (2000, October 15). Gap and Nike No Sweat? Retrieved December 13, 2011, from BBC http//news. bc. co. uk/1/hi/programmes/panorama/970385. stm Loerrach. (2003). The impact of internatioalization on organizational culture a comparative study of international US and German companies, 7-48. M. L. JONES. (2007). Hofstede Culturally Questionable, 7-8. RICKY W, P. M. (2007). International Business 5th Edition. GRIFFIN. Roache, R. (2010, February 9). Should religion be an excuse for carrying daggers? Retrieved December 13, 2011, from BBC http//news. bbc. co. uk/1/hi/magazine/8506074. stm Unknown. (2011, December 13). Retrieved Decem ber 13, 2011, from Oxford Dictionaries http//oxforddictionaries. com/definition/culture

America’s “New Economy” Essay

As the 1900s gave way to the sensitive millennium, it became increasingly clear that a bracing era in the Statesn (and world) history had begun. The old era had been predominate by the Cold War struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union. The innovative era was defined by the rise of a untested global economythe shipway in which the worlds peoples lived, worked, and g all overned themselves. world-wide communication, trade, and capital flow all grew rapidly (Griffith, baker 531). The United States rosaceous to creation the near military unitful military supremacy nation in the world due to Reagan and Bushs destruction of the Cold War, bridging the 80s into the refreshful 90s. George Bushs CIA and ambassadorial run through provided the Statess key to our orthogonal policy negotiations, aiding in our nations leadership over the world. This vote down and new era caused our domestic and social nightclub in state of wardly the States into a state of confusio n and caused the Statesns to question what role they would play in this new society.Not only did the Cold War define Americas stance in the world, dictating foreign policy choices from southeast Asia to Latin America it defined the contours of domestic politics as well, (Chafe 549). How can we gestate now after September 11, that we windlessness or always take over had leadership or supremacy in this world? How could the heart of our pastoral be damaged so much affecting our nation as a whole? This recent tragedy damaged the core of our field of studyism changing foreign and domestic policy after the 90s. During the 90s, a time of new cultural expression and power, the US was instinctive to use any economic, policy-making, or military force necessary to go on the new global system.After the Reagan legacy, Pre stancent Bill Clinton created the New Democrats, which, sought-after(a) to replace the partys older industrial and agricultural bases with a new, if unwieldy, alignme nt of women, minorities, social liberals, and technical progressives, (Griffith/Baker 533). In looking at Chapter 14 in Griffith/Bakers Major Problems in American History Since 1945 and Chapter 16 and the Epilogue in Chafes The Unfinished Journey, we will dig the new goals and values of both(prenominal) the USs domestic and foreign policies, and find that although positive changes shed taken place since 1945, the US stable is yet to live in a society free of homelessness, poverty, and law-breaking reflected by the tenacious power of race, class, and gender blocking the path towardmugwump freedom.Throughout American history, the slew of freedom has always prevailed and equality of e very matchless wasnt brought up until the early to mid 1900s. The peoples dependence and underlying trust within the government to withhold and protect has put our society on a roller coaster of trust, distrust, and betrayal.the Nixon presidency and his foreign policy breakthroughs with China and R ussia had barely taken hold before the devastating constitutional crisis of Watergate occurred, threatening to undermine the very structure of the American governmental system and peoples self-assertion in it. Followed quickly by the nations first defeat in war (Chafe 497).Busch had decided non to respond to much of the conflicts happening with Gorbachev, because if he had, it could have created greater instability, more violence, and a stronger likelihood of counter democratic action, such as the Soviet Union. Busch in causing the two-superpower leaders to arrive at a new arms control treaty that promised the reduction of nuclear weapons arsenals of the world. Buschs only major error was quickly recovered by quickly becoming Yaltsins allies, beginning a new coalition where both world powers would enforce world peace. After Desert Storm, the US entered a prolonged recession causing confusion amongst Americans because Busch didnt wish nearly domestic policies.Because of Buschs carelessness of domestic policies, it reflected upon the public not caring about domestic policies nor within the government. The new immature sort out in America was created by the new elections. Clinton bringing a new young light to society during the election of 1992 believed that through the idealism during the sixties were those which should be reflected upon now during the 90s. Clintons ideas were investing to create new jobs, supporting new technology, rebuilding the nations infrastructure, and creating a new partnership between pluckment and labor to increase American productivity and competitiveness in world markets. The major political campaigns were advancing with technological advances with campaignsportrayed through the amazing new power of talk-show journalism.Ross Perots ideals, opposite of Clintons, were expressed through talk-show journalism shaping political dialogue and activity. Many talk show hosts provided a direct issuance for politicians to reach the Am ericans at home through television. The political wars went on and with Clinton winning the democratic election. This allowed Americans to dig themselves out of their deepest problems by re-imagining themselves and fulfilling their dreams. Clinton was face with issues similar to Franklin Roosevelt, in the midst of the Great Depression, they were in many ways far more complicated and intractable, calling upon the same breadth and knowledge of leadership skills that FDR had deployed in the 1930s, (Chafe 512).As one magazine wrote, what excites people about Clinton, is precisely the degree to which he speaks to their hunger for meaning and purpose, their half sure and often inchoate desire to transcend the selfishness and meaningless of materialistic and self-conceited society, (Chafe 511). Clintons gay policy in the war, fagt ask, dont tell, were looked at as actions profoundly alienating liberals and gays. His next policy, national Healthcare, failed to the Republicans criticizi ng and ultimately causing his policy to disintegrate.This was Clintons down and thought it was over until the American society regained confidence with him when he passed a bill which caused restrictions on free access to handguns and assault weapons. He also created the Americorps, a young group of people volunteering to work among Americas disadvantaged populations. Finally touching up on domestic policies, the American society gained faith in him.The 1994 elections were antithetical and Clinton was on his way to coming back. He wanted to represent a Democratic smaller government. Richard Norris guiding Clinton, made him invulnerable to the issues of high taxes, crime, welfare, federal official budget, and affirmative action which Republicans could use against him. Clinton defined positions that would seem reasonable to the conservative voters and also portray the Republicans as radicals seeking to overturn 60 eld of progress and advance his own agenda on issues that cut in his direction such as education, the environment, and womens rights. Clinton proved to the public that the Republicans chiefly Dole was a threatto the middle class stability, and eventually won the election exclaiming, the era of big government is over. The voters decision was for a change integrity government,not for one party over another. Only by ensuring that one party could balance and counter the other, they seemed to be saying, could the nation be defend from moving too far either toward liberalism and big government on the one hand, or toward conservatism and the end of entitlements on the other, (Chafe 527).Americans wanted politicians to stay fresh down a middle path, not straying to either side too far.Although race had been dealt with by the government, it still defined power, control, status, economic opportunity, and freedom. This issue has improved dramatically, just now race has always been the central theme to American history. It has been so much misconstrued, th at the issue of racial discrimination had disappeared as a matter of public concern, convinced that there was no longer a reason to think of blacks and whites as having different life chances(Chafe 528). Los Angeles embodied most of the multiracial demographic complexity which is where many blacks were suppressed although given still given suppositional equal rights opportunities.One example being the back up virus. Treatment was available to the suppressed society, but werent able to yield the medication. The Rodney King incident was appalling and the only way to describe the finding of fact was what Chafe wrote, It was as though the jury had taken a hallucinogenic dose that altered totally what others saw as reality and the drug was race, (Chafe 529). The police officers caught on tape for the beating got off because of whites ruling the jury. O.J. being convicted of murder and having a black jury was pleaded not guilty. Benjamin barber brings up a point of political futures neither being democratic.the forces of international jihad and the forces of McWorld operate with equal strength in opposite directions, the one control by parochial hatreds, the other by universalizing markets, the one re-creating ancient subnational and heathenborders from within, the other making national borders porous from without. They have one subject in common neither offers much hope to citizens looking for possible ways to govern themselves democratically, (Griffith/Baker 542).September 11 brought forth something America had never faced before, an attack on our home ground. Since this attack the society has been more conservative, realizing that America is not this leadership nation that watches over the world, but is just as suseptable to attack as anyone else is. This attack has brought all families circumferent and brought out American patriotism from within. The attack has put American flags on Football players helmets as well as all sports jerseys. What are we su pposed to believe from the media, articles saying that information being portrayed to us is ill-judged and defying. Although we have gone through a roller coaster of events both ups and downs, America has always recovered and adapted to the changes in front of us.The Progressive polity Institute believes that the latter is true and that the challenge now is to learn how to manage and govern in an era of sustained and constant innovation and adaptation, (Griffith/Baker 536). The 90s was a major turning point in America being the end of the old millenium and the start of a new one, allowing us to look at what is needed to be done both in domestic and foreign policy for this world and our society to go on. the 1990s embodied a summing-up of what had occurred in the preceding decades, as if the artless were searching to find some way through the maelstrom of conflicting currents to a final sense of direction that might represent a new consensus on how to proceed, (Chafe 498).

Belonging Essay

Belonging, in essence, refers to the nonion associated with the data links individuals make with people, groups and places. Conversely, by belonging to a authorized group or place others argon indirectly excluded from belonging in the process. Belonging is a connection that we every last(predicate), as humans, instinctively seek bulge out it forms part of our natural behavior. Through this process of belonging we ultimately accommodate and grow as a person, the outcome by dint of which is our place in society is established.The Immigrant Chronicle by Peter Skrzynecki illustrates how difficult finding a sense of belonging can be by raising the issues experient when attempting to assimilate in a new heathen environment with all the associated physical, personal and social changes. Similarly, Jeffery news painting The New schooltime and the short film Mr Cheng explore how barriers can hinder our sense of espousal and belonging. Though it is an innate essential to belong it is not always achieved. This subject is accentuated throughout In the Folk Museum as the composer struggles to relate to a news report and culture which is not his own.The visit highlights his inner conflict of not designed where he belongs. He does not feel like a trustworthy Australian who may look at such relics and see cultural significance to them and understand their historical value. Rather he views them in a detached sense To remind of a past/ Which isnt exploit. The poet uses a faceless caretaker as a representative of Australias past. She sits abutting to a winnowing machine an agricultural machine that separates grain from chaff, creating a metaphor for separating the true Australians from new migrants.The poet illustrates the caretaker as dull and uninviting, matching her pig colour with the grey clay bottle that is in the museum causing them to issue be made from the same entity adding to the composers discomfort and estrangement. The composer emphasises his nee diness of belonging by describing the colour of the museum as well as its cold as piss touch showing the disconnectedness and isolation the composer experiences. The poem reinforces this humor, when the composer is asked to sign the visitants books emphasising that he is only a viewer of the Australian account rather than a part of it. desirewise St Patricks College similarly portrays the need to belong tho, it reveals that belonging does not always come naturally despite his mothers attempt to find a way to connect through alike and the schools reputation. The poet explores this attempt to belong in the third stanza by the stress of eighter years passing by and yet he is still Like a foreign tourist, Uncertain of my destination, Every time I got off. The poet reinforces this idea again by the repetition of time in the start of the quarter stanza, establishing that no matter how long, he is still not able to belong. in spite of the use of uniform, it is evident that it is only a facade, used in swan to create an illusion of belonging. It is not the uniform that binds bookmans together, but rather a unique connection shared with individuals and place. (Link to question here and back to thesis). Jeffery Smarts painting The New School establishes that although belonging is an innate need, it is not always achieved. Smart is described as a social commentator, a witness to the disoriented city dweller or worker in a dehumanized landscape.Elements of his paintings are taken from real places but they are modified and generalised. The effect is that he creates universal scenes which could be renderings of any bigger modern city rather than existence anchored in Australia or Europe. The supposition of isolation is shown through the individuals body language and perspective of the hands as well as positioning in the painting. She is impertinent from the other students, as well as the school, showing she does not fit, emphasising her disconnection and la ck of belonging.Jeffery Smart also creates a negative feel through the dark colour of the sky and the sadness the girl displays through her nervus facialis expression, showing the difficultly to belong and how the individual feels isolation as she has no connection with these people place or groups. Similarly In the Folk Museum, the composer feels alienated not being able to relate to the Australian culture and history. The poem initiates feelings of isolation and disconnection as the poet questions himself and his place in society as he does not experience a link with the history viewed. some(prenominal) St Patricks college and The New School relate to a place and a lack of belonging. Smart furthermore highlights the struggle to belong by the vectors in his painting. This is shown by the lines of the basketball court, fading as they progressively near the individual, emphasising the students estrangement from the school. In the same way Mr Cheng experiences a lack of belonging thr ough the vectors employed by the director, as images of his family appear however they fade emphasising his uncertainty of where he belongs.The director revisits the idea of isolation, illustrated through the sever family connections that Mr Cheng has suffered. Mr Chengs alienation is echoed throughout the piece as the director emphasises his expulsion throughout the film through Mr Chengs portrayal as being secluded from society. This struggle is shown by the projections of his memories on a brick wall throughout the film, creating a metaphor, representing the wall as a barrier, showing that although he possesses these memories he is blocked from accessing his true identity.Peter Skrzyneckis, The Immigrant Chronicle, allows one to see the difficulties the poet, as a second generation migrant experiences, this being, the dichotomy of belonging to a culture which is not his own and the feeling of estrangement from his parents culture. This concept is also shown through Jeffery Smar ts painting The New School as the individual struggles similar to that of Mr Cheng to relate to an environment which is unfamiliar.

Compassion Fatigue Essay

Tahereh Mafi, Shatter MeThe health complaint industry is made up of nurses, doctors, and other medical professionals who be dedicated to the wish and healing of others. The forward-looking medical field is a very fast-paced, nerve-wracking, and demanding environment. Often, the constant stress and demands of the frolic lav adversely affect the health apportion provider. Not surprisingly, those who go into the health get by industry, do so be stimulate they nominate a sincere desire to sire a difference in peoples lives and provide care for a patients spiritual, mental, and carnal demand.However, this type of career requires brawn and dedication way beyond that of other comparable careers. Compassion wear d ingest is a common side-effect. Compassion tire out sewer be delimit as, the gradual decline of shame over age as a result of caregivers being exposed to events that assimilate traumatized their patients (Cherry 497). In fact, the damage that results from this fix has been linked to more sick days, high turnover rates, and decreased productivity. If left(a) untreated, this condition behind adversely affect patient safety, so it is alert that hospitals and health care providers are able to accurately recognize mercy tire and treat it early. (Landro, L. 2012)Compassion is an important and critical gift necessary for the care of others. Compassion can be defined as, sympathetic consciousness of others engendering together with a desire to alleviate it (Merriam-Webster 2013). No one is insubordinate to compassion sap. In fact, anyone caring for another person can suffer from it. However, compassion fatigue is more prevalent in the health care industry due to the extenuating nature of the work. The reality is that healthcare providers have an exhausting array of job duties that entail lengthy shifts, self-importanceless(prenominal) service, fadeless dedication, love, and compassion. Due to the extreme demands, medical professionals often neglect their own individual(prenominal) needs for the sake of others. Every single day, healthcare professionals come seem to face with disease, illness, decline in health, and death. Over era, it can be fabulously traumatizing.Compassion is a verb. Thich Nhat HanhIf not prevented or left untreated, compassion fatigue can forbidly affect a caregiver ruttishly, spiritually, cognitively, physically and behaviorally. exemplar signs can manifest themselves in a variety of ways.The emotional effectuate of compassion fatigue can overwhelm mood disturbances, increased apathy, lassitude, irritability, discontentment, hopelessness, aggressiveness, hostility, numbness, and helplessness. (Eagan, T. 2012) new(prenominal) signs may include oversensitivity, restlessness, depression, anxiety, and even substance abuse. (Lombardo, B., Eyre, C., 2011)The spiritual effects of compassion fatigue may often be harder to pinpoint. Warning signs may include subtle things such as startin g to question ones purpose in life, an change magnitude sense of disbelief or an increasing sense of aimlessness. (Ginter, C. 2010). The caregiver may start to question their personal unearthly beliefs, become increasingly skeptical and even question lifes meaning. (Portnoy, D. 2011)The cognitive effects of compassion fatigue can be easier to identify. Its subdued to observe when someone is having difficulty concentrating or is unable to counseling on tasks and duties that are critical to the job. The work ethic and performance of the healthcare provider may also be affected, resulting in increased absences, gloomy morale, decreased motivation, and overall negativity in the workplace. This not only affects the healthcare provider, but also their co-workers and patients.The physical effects of compassion fatigue can include, but are not limited to headaches, chronic pain, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and self neglect (poor diet, lack of exercise, poor hygiene). (Eagan, T. 2012) Other physical effects can include gastrointestinal complaints, hypertension, (Pfifferling, J., Gilley, K. 2000) muscle tension and cardiac symptoms (chest pain, tachycardia, and palpitations. (Lombardo, B., Eyre, C., 2011) Behavioral changes can include isolating, withdrawing, extreme hyper-vigilance, (Portnoy, D. 2011) apathy or extreme anxiety to work, avoiding, faking interest, blaming, restlessness, and even inappropriate humor (Ginter, C. 2010).I would rather make mis films in kindness and compassion than work miracles in unkindness and hardness. Mother Teresa, A Gift for God Prayers and MeditationsAlthough compassion fatigue can be an easy difficulty to identify, the specific causes of this condition are often varied and harder to pinpoint. The stressful nature of a healthcare career can certainly do the perfect storm. Overall, health care professionals can feel worried about things like control over workload, lack of acknowledgment or appreciation of doing a good job. Li festyle changes can also cause compassion fatigue. If the person is working too much without taking period off to relax, taking on too much responsibility with no help from others, not getting enough sleep, or not having a declareive relationship in their personal life, it becomes easier for compassion fatigue to develop. state with certain personality traits (pessimistic, perfectionist, those who do not delegate, and type A, and overachievers) are particularly predisposed to experiencing compassion fatigue or burnout. The constant exposure to negative situations, stress, loss, and bounteous more than receiving, in addition to having a more extreme personality, can increase the risk of ontogeny compassion fatigue. (Frandsen, B. 2010) Compassion fatigue is caused by empathy. It is the natural consequence of stress resulting from caring for and helping traumatized or suffering people (Portnoy, D. 2011). In the medical field, nurses, doctors, and other health care providers often witness pain, suffering and death first-hand. They play numerous roles with less time, resources and support. The increased demands and stress along with the constant exposure to negative and traumatic events can build up over time and put anyone at risk for compassion fatigue.Love and compassion are necessities, not luxuries. Without them, beneficence cannot survive. Dalai Lama XIV, The Art of HappinessA caregiver is not so different from a patient. Both caregiver and patient have physical, spiritual, and emotional needs that must be met. When their own needs are neglected, caregivers are unable to properly care for their patients. In short, theyre hurting themselves as well as the patients. Maintaining regular exercise, staying hydrated, staying productive, eating healthy and taking time to rest and relax are critical ways to reduce the chances of developing compassion fatigue.Although spiritual beliefs may be different from person to person, it is life-sustaining to nourish an d grow in ones faith. Those needs may be different depending on beliefs and may include going to perform on a regular basis, taking the time to pray or meditate, speaking with a church leader, reading scriptures, or having time exclusively to reflect and think. There are many different ways a caregiver can begin to focus on their spiritual health. (StopPain.org 2013) mad needs are another important area that should be nurtured. wound up needs are just as important as physical and spiritual needs. A caregiver may need time to mentally unwind, have peace and quiet, laugh and cry, and tune in to their personal experiences and emotions. victorious short breaks to renew emotional energy and doing things that bring you joy and merriment are ways to increase and improve emotional health. (StopPain.org 2013) By make sure the needs of the caregiver are met, the caregiver, patients, and even the company allow for benefit from it.There are many ways to cope with compassion fatigue. Perh aps the most important way of addressing the needs of the caregiver is to accommodate compassion fatigue when necessary and take aggressive steps to give ear caregivers in take a chanceing supportive coping strategies. Some coping strategies concord to Varner, J. (2004) include asking for assistance and support from peers or other support groups, staying positive, smiling and talking to peers, using humor to decrease anxiety and tension, giving comfort through physical contact, taking breaks with peers and not alone, using problem solving tools, generating solutions, and focusing specifically on tasks at hand.Learning how to poise work and life essentially means learning how to invest the time and energy into taking care of oneself in outrank to effectively take care of others. Putting together a plan of self-care (journaling, yoga, meditation, exercise, proper diet, doing things that you find pleasure in, and doing non work related activities) as well as educating yourself an d others on communication skills is vital in preventing compassion fatigue. Employers can aid in combating compassion fatigue by offering on-site counseling, support groups, de-briefing sessions, and trial interventions (Boyle, D., 2011) that all work together to give employees the tools and skills needed for prevention.Early recognition of compassion fatigue is vital to anyone in a caring profession. Maintaining and constantly improving self-care and creating optimal wellness are crucial in order to properly care for others. .Caregivers need to be able to deliver rectitude without compromising their well-being(Portnoy, D. 2011). Caregivers often neglect their own personal needs for the sake of others and need to realize the importance of focusing on their own needs first. By taking care of their own needs and ensuring they have a life that entails supportive relationships, health care providers will be able to successfully care for their patients long-term.

Connector

This is most easily seen in chapter seven when Greened stumbles upon a dragon guarding a large pile of gold and gems. The dragon proceeds to give Greened advice and cover the habits of, not only Greened himself, but also the humans. The dragon very understandably views himself as wiser and superior to humans and Greened.Lets face it, we all have that atomic number 53 classmate who thinks he hit the hays absolutely everything and is not afraid to let us Inferior students know about It. The dragon reminds me of a know-it-all student, or maybe even an older selling- someone who has been praised for knowing so such(prenominal) that they assume they know everything, I read somewhere Greened Is supposed to be a descendant of Cain (from the book of Genesis). I do not know what you have to mix In down that line to get any(prenominal) Greened Is supposed to be, but I dont think I want to know.The guess that Greened Is a descendant of Cain makes a lot of sense. I feel that in a lot of way Greened represents several things that are wrong with the knowledge domain and with society. The selfishness and the every man for himself mentality are factor notorious for acquire people in trouble even today. Grenades mother reminds me of a subject parent. She is unable to be there very much for her son, but she plain still cares and comes running whenever he needs her most.

A Close Look at Bangladesh

The Peoples Republic of Bangladesh, withal known as Bangladesh, is one(a) of the youngest landed e arouses historically. Established in 1971, the land has undergone various battles to win its independence, including those to fight for its religion and its language. At present, Bangladesh is one of the unfamiliar states in Asia, continuously fighting overpopulation, poverty, and political unrest (Whyte & Lin, 2009). Bangladesh is geographically situated in South Asia, bordered by Myanmar in the southeasterly and India in the north, west, and northeast.The most essential feature of the demesne is its web of rivers that work its culture and lifestyle positively in terms of transportation and hydroelectric power and negatively with massive flooding (Whyte & Lin, 2009). The total argona of Bangladesh is nigh 144,000 square kilometers, which is a bit smaller than Iowa. The estimate population of the country is 158 million, which makes it the seventh most populous in the world (CIA, n. d. ) I. GovernmentThe political science of Bangladesh has witnessed some(prenominal) changes with the shifting of the forms of authorities from parliamentary in 1972, to presidential in 1975, to militant law in 1981 and back to parliamentary in 1991 (Whyte & Lin, 2009). At present, the nation is ruled by the foreland of state, President Zillur Rahman, and the head of government, extremum parson Sheik Hasina Wajed. Members of the cabinet are handpicked by the prime minister and appointive by the president. The legislative branch is led by the unicameral topic Parliament elected by the people.The Supreme Court is headed by chief justices and other judges appointed by the president (CIA, n. d. ). Ahmed (2004) further describes politics in Bangladesh as a constant chat topic in all parts of the country. He further likened Bangladeshi politicians to that of the countrys rivers changing their courses unpredictably, overflowing their banks and submerging new lands. Moreover, t he capital of Bangladesh is Dhaka. It is further divided into seven administrative divisions, namely, Barisal, Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, Rajshahi, Rangpur, and Syllhet (CIA, n.d. ). The nation as a developing country is characterized by corruption brought about by indecisiveness of politicians, politicization of the gracious service, and nepotism among civil servants. According to the World Bank, should Bangladesh lessen corrupt practices in its government, it is possible that it leave alone enjoy an improved economic status (Ahmed, 2004). II. Economy one of the poorest nations in the world this is what typically defines the economy of Bangladesh.The nation relies primarily in agriculture, livestock, and forestry, with graze agriculture as the main contributor in the countrys GDP (Ahmed, 2004). Nonetheless, one-third of its population still lives below the poverty suck (CIA, n. d. ). Because of this, Bangladesh relies heavily from impertinent aid, which it uses to improve i ts agriculture and support efforts to advance society. One sector that is existence developed to help Bangladeshi economy is energy, namely, gas, oil, and mineral explorations that currently attract foreign investors.Another element that keeps its economy afloat is foreign trade (Ahmed, 2004). It trades garments, frozen fish and sea viands, jute and jute products, and leather to the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom, among others (CIA, n. d. ). Moreover, export of labor also contributes highly to the economy with most Bangladeshi workings overseas such as in Saudi Arabia and Malaysia (Ahmed, 2004). Still, unemployment needs to be prioritized as unemployment rate is at an estimated 2. 5 percent, which the nineteenth highest in the world. III. phantasmal PracticesReligion is a signifi commodet part of Bangladeshi society. In fact, religion is an authorised element of peoples self-identity. More than three-fourths of the population are Sunni Muslims, ten percent are H indus and the others are Christians and Theravada-Hinayana Buddhists. The Constitution upholds Islam as the state religion but allows apiece citizen to practice his faith according to his choice. Furthermore, the government has established imam training academies and proclaimed Islamic days of festivals. Moreover, each religion has its own set of laws.For instance, Muslim men are allowed to link up to four times but society discourages this practice Christian men can marry just one woman Hindus can practice unlimited polygamy but marriages between members of different religions were unrestricted. In addition, of the essence(predicate) religious festivals and holy days of all religious groups are observed as national holidays (US division of State, 2007) IV. Language The official language of Bangladesh is Bangla or Bengali, which is the native tongue of more than 98 percent of the population.However, many also speak English and Urdu. Banglas influences include Islam, Arabic, and English (Kwintessential, n. d. ) V. Educational arrangement Since a huge portion of the population experiences poverty, the teachingal system in Bangladesh is highly subsidized. Schooling is divided into primary, secondary, and higher secondary levels. Tertiary education is also provided in universities and affiliated colleges. In all levels, students can take to be educated under Bangla or English medium (Prime minister of religions Office, n. d. ). VI. Norms and ValuesIn Bangladesh, age generally tells how one is addressed. If people are of the like age, archetypical names are used but if the person being addressed is older, he is called by his first name and a postfix that indicates the family relationship. Moreover, gift-giving is important for Bangladeshis. For instance, bringing of pastries or sweets is encouraged in visiting a home offering of frangipanis, white flowers, alcohol, products with non-halal meat, and even money are disapprove opening gifts in front of the giver is likewise discouraged and gift-giving should be done with both hands.Moreover in eating, directly turning down an invitation is bad-mannered many eat with their hands so asking of utensils is rude meals pull up stakes be shared by the same sex guests are served first and the oldest person at the table eats first passing of food and drinks is done with the right hand only. Furthermore in communication, Bangladeshis tend to relegate indirectly so their body language needs to be mute as well. Nonetheless, they stand close when speaking to someone of the same sexual urge (Kwintessential, n. d. ). VII. ConclusionTo conclude, Bangladesh has come a long way from its establishment 40 eld ago. Nonetheless, it has a lot to learn in terms of political constancy and economic development. Still, the nation has reasons to be proud of such as its religion, language, and determine that has established its identity as a free nation. References Ahmed, S. (2004). Bangladesh Past and Pr esent. current Delhi A. P. H. Publishing Corporation. CIA. (n. d. ). South Asia Bangladesh. The World Factbook. Retrieved from https//www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bg. html Kwintessential.(n. d. ). Bangladesh language, culture, customs, and etiquette. Retrieved from http//www. kwintessential. co. uk/resources/global-etiquette/bangladesh. html Prime Ministers Office. (n. d. ). Education system in Bangladesh. National tissue Portal of Bangladesh. Retrieved from http//www. bangladesh. gov. bd/index. php? option=com_content&task=category&id=33&Itemid=27 U. S. Department of State. (2007). Bangladesh. Retrieved from http//www. state. gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90226. htm Whyte, M. & Lin, Y. L. (2009). Cultures of the World Bangladesh. New York Marshall Cavendish.

Nowadays corporate governance

Nowadays bodied governance is seen as the advert of attr stageing investors. Capital flow seems directed towards the companies, which practice fair and transp atomic number 18nt shipway of governing their organizations. With the changing global business scenario the need of understanding and sound practice of fair and technologically advance corporate governance has too increased. In my speech I depart first explain the effect of corporeal Governance.ICAEW (2002) has explained corporate governance in a very efficient and comprehensive manner as unified governance is commonly referred to as a system by which organizations argon directed and controlled. It is the process by which comp all objectives are established, achieved and monitored. Corporate governance is concerned with the relationships and responsibilities between the board, management, shareholders and opposite relevant stakeholders within a legal and regulatory framework.Sir Adrian Cadbury (1992) defined corporat e governance as the whole system of controls, both monetary and otherwise, by which a company is directed and controlled.There are no to a great extent and fast rules for corporate governance, which kitty be prescribed for all the countries. These rules can be different for different countries according to their needs and cultural settings. check to ICAEW (2002) with all the contrasts present in the rules and regulations of different countries emphasis is given to generic wine corporate governance principles of responsibility, accountability, transparency and fairness.Responsibility of directors who approve the strategic accusation of the organization within a framework of prudent controls and who employ, monitor and honor management.Accountability of the board to shareholders who have the right to receive information on the pecuniary stewardship of their investment and exercise power to reward or recall the directors entrusted to run the company.Transparency of exempt inf ormation with which meaningful analysis of a company and its actions can be made. The disclosure of financial and operational information and internal processes of management oversight and control enable outsiders to understand the organization. frankness that all shareholders are treated equally and have the opportunity for cure for violation of their rights. According to Meigs et al. (1999) this information meets the needs of users of the information-investors. Creditors, managers, and so on-and support some kinds of financial decision performance evaluation and capital allocation, among others. (P.07)Corporations resolutely cogitate on maximizing profits and a legal obligation to act in the best interests of their shareholders. By and large, this excludes acting ethically or socially responsibly(Slapper and Tombs, 1999).(Shah, 2002) states that some Trans-national corporations make more(prenominal) in sales than the GDPs (Gross national Product) of many countries. In fact, o f the 100 hundred wealthiest bodies, 51 percent are owned by corporations. While this can be seen as a success story from some viewpoints, others suggest that these and other large corporations are largely unaccountable for the many social and environmental problems that they leave in their wake, and that their size means that their effects are considerable.It is not that every integrity corporation is inherently bad or greedy, unless commonly, the very large, international corporations who naturally have vested interests in international development and trade policies (like any group) are able to deploy enormous financial resources in an take on to get favorable outcomes. The policy-making power that is in that locationfore held by much(prenominal) a small number of people impacts the planet significantly. As a result a few of these corporations make up some of the about influential sources of political and economic power.Naturally, with such influence it is not clear who t he regulator is. And as Clarksons (1999) earlier quote suggests capital and power, in corporate activity, are paired. And where profit supersedes safety and power supersedes regulation there stands the conflict of interests, for the victims of corporate crime. These are for the most part neither flush nor powerful although, when they are liability is certainly applied copiously.For example in the case of Enron the former chief accounting officer, Richard Causey was indicted on charges of fraud, conspiracy, insider trading, lying to auditors and money laundering for allegedly knowing about or participating in a series of schemes to fool investors into believing Enron was financially healthy (findlaw.com). The victims in this case were the investors who were identifiable and influential.Violations, which impact on financial systems, are pillowcase to more scrupulous legislative administration, compared with social infringements (snider 1991 cited in Slapper and Tombs 199989). cha nge magnitude attention to corporate crime would mean relating to large companies as criminals (Slapper and Tombs, 1999). An issue, (Sullivan, 1995 cited in Clarkson, 1998) renders impossible on the basis that crimes can only be pull by human, moral agents.Media attention will focus on financial aspects of corporate crime due to its impact on a political scale and the sensational-factor that is the respectable figures committing crime as well a the article of belief/knowledge that scandal sells. Scandal, is common reference for this financial aspect but noting the influence of language Slapper and Tombs (1999) note that this sets a scale for perceptions, variant it uncommon/unusual. Another scale, which has been set in the last few decades, is the change magnitude complains of the least risk disclosure by the companies in their annual reports and financial statements. This is also accompanied by the misuse of the accounting techniques by the executive director officers and mana gers of the corporations. As in case of Enron the technique of off balance tacking reporting was used in negative manner.Investors are often conscious(predicate) of the risks they take and in itself, off-balance- cerement financing is no vice. Companies can use it in perfectly legitimate ways that carry little risk to shareholders. The rough-and-tumble is that while more companies are relying on off-balance-sheet methods to finance their operations, investors are ordinarily unaware that a company with a clean balance sheet may be loaded with debt until it is too late. (Morgenson, 2001)A change is require in the regulations. The accounting firm should not perform the consulting and auditing services both. The Companies should be required by the Government to increase their degrees of disclosure. The top-level management should be held more trusty by tightening up the regulations. They should also be held responsible in case of any frauds and regulatory violations of their subo rdinates. This in turn will give rise to the sense of responsibility in the people related to at all levels. (Hanson, 2002)ReferencesCadbury Sir Adrian, (1992). Report of the Committee on the monetary Aspects of Corporate Governance, Gee & Co Ltd., UKClarkson, Max (Editor), The Corporation and Its Stakeholders Classic and Contemporary Readings, University of Toronto Press, 1998.ICAEW, (2002). What is Corporate Governance? contribute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, Retrieved 30/10/2007 from Hanson, K., (2002). Lessons from the Enron Scandal, consultation about Enron by Atsushi Nakayama, a reporter for the Japanese newspaper Nikkei, promenade 5, 2002, Retrieved 30/10/2007 from http//www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/ethicalperspectives/enronlessons.htmlICAEW, (2002). Corporate governance developments in the UK, Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, Retrieved 30/10/2007 from Meigs, Robert F., Williams, Jan, R., Haka, Susan F. & Bettner, Mark S., (19 99). Accounting The theme for Business Decisions, Eleventh Edition, Irwin Mc Graw-Hill, p. 07Moregenson, G., (2001). Are New Woes Lurking in Financial Nether World? The Associated Press, December 23, 2001, Retrieved 30/10/2007 from http//pages.stern.nyu.edu/adamodar/New_Home_Page/articles/isthisdebt.htmSlapper, G., & Tombs, S., Longman, (1999). Getting forward with Murder, Corporate Crime, Reviewed by Chris Moore, Issue 47, whitethorn 2000Shah, A., (2002). Corporations and the Environment, Page Last Updated Saturday, May 25, 2002, Retrieved 30/10/2007 from

Consumer Decision-Making Styles of Gen Y Consumers in Malaysia

Consumer Decision-Making Styles of Gen Y Consumers in Malaysia Introduction Market segmentation is a crucial element in securities industrying because goods can no long be produced and sold without considering consumer needs and recognizing the characteristic of those needs. Due to the highly agonistic environment nowadays, attracting and retaining enough loyal customers plays an important key role when evolution business strategies.Therefore, business should understand and target consumer from dissimilar background and subtlety differently in order to effectively adapt their marketing strategies (Yeong & Lovett, 2010). In general, there atomic number 18 many demographic variables can be utilise to segment consumer market, for instance income, age, sexual urge, ethnicity, marital status and household size. Among these variables, sexual practice has been and continues to be one of the most popular forms of market segmentation for a probatory proportion of product and servic es.According to marketing scholars (Meyers-Levy & Sternthal, 1991 Darley & Smith, 1995) argue that sex activity-based segmentation, especially if it is based on biological sex per se, meets several of the requirements for successful implementation the segments were slowly to identify, easy to access, and large enough for consumer products and services to be marketed profitably. In addition, there argon many studies in the past in any case provided considerable evidence that sexuality relates to consumers perceptions, attitudes, pickences and purchase conclusions(Mitchell & Walsh, 2004 Bakewell & Mitchell, 2006).Because gender has been identified as one of the significant actor in understanding consumer behavior and as a fundamental market segmentation index for companies to satisfy their customer demand, therefore marketer should strive to understand the gender differences in decision- reservation modalitys. In addition, research addressing the issue of gender differences in decision- qualification styles could help marketers to find better ways of communicating with some(prenominal) sexes and to guide marketing mix decisions (Mitchell & Walsh, 2004).Literature Review According to Williams, Page, Petrosky and Hernandez (2010), contemporaries Y also is referred to as the Millenials or Echo Boomers. They were born during 1977-1994 and ar in the 15-32 age range as of 2009. They are children of the original Baby Boomers and their poesy rival that of the Baby Boomers. They grew up in a duration of Brobdingnagian and fast-paced change including virtually full-employment opportunities for women, dual-income households as the standard, and having computers at college and home.Moreover Gen Y consumers are more likely to complete their tasks online in right one hot dog in making their decisions (Sengupta & Titus, 2012). Starting in 2000, when the Millennials began at campaigning college, they began to be canvas by researchers and marketers to determin e the generations overriding characteristics. Consumer decision? making styles can be defined as mental orientations characterizing a consumers approach to making choices (Sproles & Kendall, 1986, p. 268).The aim of Sproles and Kendall (1986) was to provide a potentially effective instrument to assist marketers to better understand consumers decision-making styles in buying. As consequence, they actual the original 40? item Consumer Style Inventory (CSI) scale, which identified octad characteristics related to consumer decision? making styles. The CSI provides a quantitative instrument for classifying different consumer decision? making styles into distinct categories of obtain orientation.Through empirical research, Sproles and Kendall (1986) defined the pastime octad categories of decision -making styles namely 1) perfectionism and high- bore conscious Consumers carefully search for the beaver fibre in product 2) brand conscious and price equals lumber Consumer subscrib e to buy more expensive, well known national brands, and believe that a higher price means better quality 3) variety and stylus-conscious likes new and innovative products and gains excitement from seeking out new things 4) amateurish and hedonistic finds shopping a pleasant activity and shop just for the fun of it 5) price conscious and apprize for money consumer which has high cognizance of sale price and likely to be comparison shoppers 6) impulsive and incautious Consumer who do not plan their shopping and appear unconcerned round how much he or she spends 7) bemused by overchoice These consumer are experiences nurture overload in the market due to perceiving too many brands and stores and guide difficulties making choices and 8) habitual and brand-loyal These consumers select favorite brands and stores repeatedly overtime. Hiu, Siu, Wang and Chang (2001) revealed three big(a) market segments through their issue namely 1. )Trendy, perfectionistic consumers who freque nt shopping and reward it as an enjoyment. They are raise in high quality and with-it items, read fashion magazines, watch various advertisements to gain trendy fashion knowledge and tend to supportive with foreign brand which is high quality and fashionable styling. 2. ) Tradisional, pragmatic consumer who do not view shopping as a enjoyment activity to them. They are price conscious, not interested in fashion styling and most probably choosing local anesthetic brands. 3. Confused by overchoice these consumers tend not to read magazines or advertisement on fashion, quash exposure to too much information, and only purchase local brands which they are familiar. According to Bakewell and Mitchell (2003), five meaningful and distinct decision-making groups were install in the adopt of decision-making styles of adult fe antheral Generation Y consumers in the UK amateurish quality seekers, recreational discount seekers, trend redressting loyals, shopping and fashion bored and c onfused time/money conserving. In their later postulate on decision making styles of anthropoid consumers in the UK (Bakewell & Mitchell, 2004), all of the original eight traits plus four new traits namely store-loyal/low-price seeking, time-energy conserving, confused time restrict and store-promiscuity were identified.From their study it utters that the potential of the CSI for segmenting market as meaningful and different groups of male consumers with different decision making styles. Despite of previous studies which reported gender differences in decision-making styles of consumer, Mitchell and Walsh (2004) compared the decision-making styles of male and distaff shoppers in Germany. From the research, they managed to verify the construct severity of all eight CSI doers for womanly shopper and four of the factors for male shoppers. In consequence, they also concluded that male consumers were slightly less likely to be perfectionists, middling less novelty and fashion co nscious, and less likely to be confused when making purchases compared to egg-producing(prenominal) consumers.Years after that, Bakewell and Mitchell (2006) undertook a similar study in the UK by victimization a sample of 480 male and female undergrad students, they found that nine decision-making style were common to both genders. Through the study they had discover three traits for male (store-loyal/low-price seeking, confused time-restricted and store-promiscuity) and three new traits for female traits (bargain seeking, imperfectionism and store loyal). There are few studies recently which had attempted to good explore the antecedent and consequences of consumer decision-making styles. Ghodeswar (2007) found that that seven out of eight dimensions of consumer decision-making style proposed by Sproles and Kendall (1986) in his study of consumer decision-making styles among Indian students.The only style which was not confirmed in his data is price consciousness/ value for money consumer. Gupta, Brantley & Jackson (2010) found that consumers Generation Y at Midwestern University tend to be brands store loyal when they are buying high interestingness product. Kambiz & Fereshteh (2011) found that husband and wife take a shit divergent decision-making styles and their family structure as a social-structural variable can be influenced by the decision-making styles of family members which is related to their purchasing behavior. Lastly, it is believed that male and female consumer in Malaysia may also have received distinctive characteristic in decision-making during shopping and purchasing.But those characteristic could be have equal interest to both researchers and marketing practitioners. Hence, this paper willing weft the gap by focusing on the differences in decision-making styles on gender in the Malaysia context. methodological analysis According to the past study, most of the researchers prepared a structured questionnaire based on literature review and objectives of the study. Consumers decision-making were measured using the 40-items of Consumer Style Inventory (CSI), developed by Sproles and Kendall (1986). All scales were measured on a 5-point Likert-type scales ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The reliabilities of the CSI scale, according to Sproles and Kendall (1986), ranged from 0. 48 to 0. 76.The scales items were translated into Malay quarrel with minor changes in wording to clarify the meaning. In addition, some demographic questions were included in the questionnaire. And most of the questionnaire was self-administered to non-probability sample of male and female undergraduate students in Malaysia. Finding and Analysis Common Factors for both Male and pistillate According to the research study of Safiek and Hayatul (2009) in Malaysia, the decision-making of Malaysian young consumer for both gender have similarities namely 1. ) Quality consciously meaning that they prefer to buy more durabl e and quality product. 2. ) Brand consciously it shows that they set high standards and have high expectations for the products they buy.Moreover they choose to buy the product which is heavy advertised and well-know national brands. 3. ) Fashion consciousness this shows that both genders are await to gain pleasure from seeking out new things and keep up-to figure with fashionable attractive styles. 4. ) Confused by overchoice This factor shows that they feel over-loaded with the information on various brands products and find it very hard to choose the best product during shopping. 5. ) Satisfying and value seeking concluded that if both items were identical in both sample, they will carefully find the best value for money product to be purchased which is also satisfied their needs. Male FactorsAgain from the study of Safiek and Hayatul (2009), there are two factors found for males namely brand fealty and time-energy conserving. For brand loyalty, male consumers score higher t han female consumers on this factor because they tend to have favorite brands and will use these habitually. Next, time-energy conserving which was not found in females but it characterizes males who often save energy by making their shopping trips as fast as possible in the kindred stores. Moreover, males have the perception that going shopping is a waste of time and they dont give their purchases much thought. In overall, both of these results show the similarity with previous researchers, Bakewell and Michell (2006) in the UK. Female factorsFrom the study of Safiek and Hayatul (2009) research, it shows that there are three female factors found namely price consciousness, recreational and shopping avoidance. Female consumers scored higher than male consumers on price consciousness shows that female are more aware of the sale prices and more often choose to purchase lower price products. Next, female shoppers are more limited on recreational or pleasant shopping activity compared to male shoppers. And this factor is consistent with Mitchell and Walshs (2004) and Bakewell and Mitchells (2006) which characterization of a recreational consumer. The last factor is shopping avoidance which is very exclusive to female consumers and posed an opposite trait of recreational.However the high scored shows that if the shopping is unpleasant, female shoppers will tend to shop as quickly by purchasing the premiere brands or product that seem to be good enough. Conclusion In conclusion, through the research of consumer decision making styles, it offers a great prospect to understand the characteristic or style of consumer towards their shopping behavior. And this consumer style line provides a fundamental for consumer decision making styles and has practical application advantages for marketers in their marketing strategic. However this study has a limitation because it only covered a specific segment of young adult in an local university in Malaysia.For future recomme ndation, there is a need to study these decision making styles among the larger population across different segment in order to get better converge of Malaysia young consumers. References Sproles, G. & Kendall, E. (1986). A Methodology for Profiling Consumers Decision-Making Styles, journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 20 (2), pp. 267-279 Mitchell, V. , & Walsh, G. (2004). Gender Differences in German Consumer Decision-Making styles. ledger of Consumer Behavior, 3(4), 331-346 Bakewell, C. & Mitchell, V. W. (2003) Generation Y Female Consumer Decision-Making styles. world(prenominal) ledger of Retail & dissemination Management, 31(2), 95-106. Bakewell, C. & Mitchell, V. W. (2006).Male versus Female Consumer Decision Making. diary of championship Research, 59, 1297-1300. Hiu, A. S. Y. , Siu, N. Y. M. , Wang, C. C. L. & Chang, L. M. K. (2001). An Investigation of Decision-Making Styles of Consumers in China. journal of Consumer Affairs, 35 (2), 326-345. Safiek, M. & Hayatul, S. S. ( 2009). Consumer Decision-Making Styles in Malaysia An Exploratory Study of Gender Differences. European Journal of Social Sciences Volume 10, Number 4 Safiek, M. (2009). An Investigation of Consumer Decision-Making Styles of Young-Adults in Malaysia. International Journal of backing and Management. Vol. 4, no(prenominal) 4 Darley, W. K. & Smith, R. E (1995).Gender Differences in teaching Processing Strategies An Empirical Test of the Selectivity Model in Advertising Response. Journal of Advertising, 24(1), 41-59. Meyer-Levy, J. & Sternthal, B. (1991). Gender Differences in the Use of Message Cues and Judgments. Journal of Marketing Research, 29 (1), 84-96. Kaylene C. Williams, K. C. , Page, R. A, Petrosky, A. R. & Hernandez, E. H. (2010). Multi-Generational Marketing Descriptions, Characteristics, Lifestyles, and Attitudes. Journal of Applied Business and Economics, Vol. 11(2) Sengupta, D. & Titus, R. (2012). Evaluating Environmental Variables to assess Exhibited demeanour A Stu dy of Gen Y. International Conference on Technology and Business Management Yeong, N. C. & Lovet, M. G. (2010).Consumer Decision-Making Styles of Hispanic American College Students A Consumer Styles Inventory Approach. American Journal of Business Research, Vol. 3, No 2 Ghodeswar B. M. (2007), Consumer Decision-Making Styles Among Indian Students, Alliance Journal of Business Research, Vol. 3, Spring 2007, pp. 36-48. Gupta, M. , Brantley, A. , & Jackson, V. P. (2010). Product Involvement as a Predictor of Generation Y Consumer Decision Making Styles. The Business Review, Cambridge, Vol. 14, Num. 2 Kambiz, H. H. & Fereshteh, L. (2011). Influence of Family structure on Consumer Decision-making Style in Iran. International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 6, No. 11 November 2011

Business Essay

A. 1. As I began my journey as a overbold craft owner of a computer company I requisite to define my companys goals, decide which direction I wanted to take the company to and create a mission education that will best represent my company. Since the company was naked as a jaybird I take uped to seeded player up with something catchy and promising that would invite potential clients to mold out to a greater extent about the products we offer. Since on that point were much participants in this spunky and from my professional experience I learned that staying on the same course of study and do advancements is to a greater extent beneficial than trying to change directions e really time.In this case I remained focused on the same two groups for the rest 3 rounds. Instead of changing and adding more than products e really quarters identical nigh of the other participants I kept my two models (one for each group) and make necessary corrections and modifications based on the trade needs. I sustain the requirements of each group, the priorities and the price range each client is willing to pay. Since there are no specific techniques used in this part of the cable analysis I used my own judgment in make legitimate that I create the best product with the items that are most important to the potential client group.As stated above I initially created two products (one for each group) and after the first round they two passed 70% but in the scientific group it was not elect as one of the best. In the second round I was attached an option of reviewing products of my competitors and the but contrariety was the bigger monitor and an upgraded keyboard. I added those options to my products and in the next round both products did real closely. I had to make sure that in the nest round I keep up with the new upgrades and add them to my products to make sure that I keep up with the new technology. Even after making the upgrades the prices did not chang e a dish and the two groups still chose my product as one of their excerptions and my products were receiving 100% in both categories.Out of all the categories my market performance would produce larger results if I was not afraid in estimating more clients and produce more computers in both categories. Every quarter I ended up loosing clients and sales due to shortage in inventory. My market performance, marketing dominance and human resource management remained slightly low even though I was very close to my competitors. As far as my hire package I paid my employees the most but I only contributed 2% of their salary versus 5% that everyone else was contributing. I believe that salary is more important than the retirement role. I upgraded health benefits but kept the contribution the same.2.I would not change the targeted markets I have selected because my decision was a success. I wanted to make sure that my company will have labyrinthine sense between elevated paying clien ts and not as much subscribe and those where the profits are not as high but the hold is much higher. My analogy was right on target because with the Mercedes I was making higher profit but the number of machines was not as high as the market for general public where the profit was signifi cigarettly lower berth. later being chosen by both markets as a favorite(a) factory I had to make sure that I am safekeeping up with current technology and by adding extra features the price difference is not too high so that I would loose my lower profit clients. With that business idea I was able to survive my ambition and climb up to the top.3.When it comes to the sales locations I selected I believe that I have done enough research to make a honorable decision. Since I have chosen Mercedes for scientific computers and general public I wanted to make sure that I cover United States since Mercedes chiefly operated in the US and their main headwaters are in Germany. Therefore I chose NY as one of the first offices along with France in Europe. My next choice was Tokyo since they have the most advanced technology and I can use that as my selling point to generate more business. My proceed choice was sulfur America even though the expenses were not as high but it is less demanding since the poverty is significantly high. As expected, choosing my locations in this order was a success.4.Marketing research could definitely be improved since I was not as successful as I was hoping to be. Most of my business was coming from direct sales and not as much from other advertising. I did not want to invest large amounts of money on the popular magazines since the fee was very high and I was concentrating on more common papers such as Science Magazines and business papers. possibly I should have been more adventurous and invest in more popular magazines but I was afraid that I would suffer financially. in any case I was not able to come up with a very catchy advertising line to attract potential clients and was scoring pretty low on the advertising review.B.One of the most important decisions I do was to invest in foreign markets. Since Mercedes is from Germany and its factories are in the US I felt as investing in a European market would be a good idea simply because I come from Europe and I know that Mercedes is in demand as well as there are a lot of companies in need of a highly developed machine that can make their discoveries and creations a lot easier. I was a little hesitant about opening night offices in Tokyo since their technology is very advanced and cost is very high. But because of that I decided to stand with competition brass to face and use this to my advantage.By creating same quality machines for a little lesser cost I was able to survive and beat most of my competition. South America had smaller expenses but the demand was not very high considering the high number of less fortunate individuals. If investing in the international markets required large funds I would concentrate on the US market and possibly South America. Unless I discovered high turnaround time and my investiture would not affect my companys future I would consider this option.Throughout my entire game I was very cagey and I was afraid of heavy investment simply because my funds were very limited and I did not want to jeopardize my company over greed and quick wealth. After reviewing my financial reports I was able to finalise if additional investment is possible and how my this would effect the company overall. Heavy investment would depend on how the financial statements looked, careful review of the international markets and function of the company in the global market. If the company would not be as successful at the end of the 4th quarter as I wanted it to be I would most likely find some other route to expand my borders.